SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ实现延迟消息

整合RabbitMQ实现延迟消息的过程，以发送延迟消息取消超时订单为例。

1.Docker下安装RabbitMQ

sudo docker pull rabbitmq:management

docker run -dit --name rabbitmq -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=admin -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=admin -p 15672:15672 -p 5672:5672 rabbitmq:management

docker update rabbitmq--restart=always

2.RabbitMQ下增加用户及角色

3.rabbitmq的消息模型

4.SpringBoot项目集成RabbitMQ

修改pom.xm文件

<!--消息队列相关依赖-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

修改application.yml

rabbitmq:
        port: 5672
        host: 172.16.107.192
        virtual-host: shop
        username: shop
        password: shop

4.1具体业务代码

添加消息队列的枚举配置类QueueEnum

package com.bdego.modules.shop.enums;

import lombok.Getter;

/**
 * 商城订单模块消息队列枚举配置
 */
@Getter
public enum OrderQueueEnum {
    /**
     * 消息通知队列
     */
    QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL("shop.order.direct", "shop.order.cancel", "shop.order.cancel"),
    /**
     * 消息通知ttl队列
     */
    QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL("shop.order.direct.ttl", "shop.order.cancel.ttl", "shop.order.cancel.ttl");

    /**
     * 交换机名称
     */
    private String exchange;
    /**
     * 队列名称
     */
    private String name;
    /**
     * 路由键
     */
    private String routeKey;

    OrderQueueEnum(String exchange, String name, String routeKey) {
        this.exchange = exchange;
        this.name = name;
        this.routeKey = routeKey;
    }
}

添加RabbitMQ的配置,用于配置交换机、队列及队列与交换机的绑定关系。

package com.bdego.config;

import com.bdego.modules.shop.enums.OrderQueueEnum;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * 消息队列配置
 */

@Configuration
public class RabbitMqConfig {

    /**
     * 订单消息实际消费队列所绑定的交换机
     */
    @Bean
    DirectExchange orderDirect() {
        return (DirectExchange) ExchangeBuilder
                .directExchange(OrderQueueEnum.QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL.getExchange())
                .durable(true)
                .build();
    }

    /**
     * 订单延迟队列所绑定的交换机
     */
    @Bean
    DirectExchange orderTtlDirect() {
        return (DirectExchange) ExchangeBuilder
                .directExchange(OrderQueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getExchange())
                .durable(true)
                .build();
    }

    /**
     * 订单实际消费队列
     */
    @Bean
    public Queue orderQueue() {
        return new Queue(OrderQueueEnum.QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL.getName());
    }

    /**
     * 订单延迟队列（死信队列）
     */
    @Bean
    public Queue orderTtlQueue() {
        return QueueBuilder
                .durable(OrderQueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getName())
                .withArgument("x-dead-letter-exchange", OrderQueueEnum.QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL.getExchange())//到期后转发的交换机
                .withArgument("x-dead-letter-routing-key", OrderQueueEnum.QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL.getRouteKey())//到期后转发的路由键
                .build();
    }

    /**
     * 将订单队列绑定到交换机
     */
    @Bean
    Binding orderBinding(DirectExchange orderDirect,Queue orderQueue){
        return BindingBuilder
                .bind(orderQueue)
                .to(orderDirect)
                .with(OrderQueueEnum.QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL.getRouteKey());
    }

    /**
     * 将订单延迟队列绑定到交换机
     */
    @Bean
    Binding orderTtlBinding(DirectExchange orderTtlDirect,Queue orderTtlQueue){
        return BindingBuilder
                .bind(orderTtlQueue)
                .to(orderTtlDirect)
                .with(OrderQueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getRouteKey());
    }
}

交换机及队列说明

shop.order.direct（取消订单消息队列所绑定的交换机）:绑定的队列为shop.order.cancel，一旦有消息以shop.order.cancel为路由键发过来，会发送到此队列。

shop.order.direct.ttl（订单延迟消息队列所绑定的交换机）:绑定的队列为shop.order.cancel.ttl，一旦有消息以shop.order.cancel.ttl为路由键发送过来，会转发到此队列，并在此队列保存一定时间，等到超时后会自动将消息发送到shop.order.cancel（取消订单消息消费队列）。

添加延迟消息的发送者CancelOrderSender

package com.bdego.modules.shop.mq.component;

import com.bdego.modules.shop.mq.enums.OrderQueueEnum;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.AmqpException;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessagePostProcessor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * 取消订单消息的发出者
 */
@Slf4j
@Component
public class CancelOrderSender {
    @Resource
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    public void sendMessage(Long orderId,final long delayTimes){
        //给延迟队列发送消息
        amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(OrderQueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getExchange(), OrderQueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getRouteKey(), orderId, new MessagePostProcessor() {
            @Override
            public Message postProcessMessage(Message message) throws AmqpException {
                //给消息设置延迟毫秒值
                message.getMessageProperties().setExpiration(String.valueOf(delayTimes));
                return message;
            }
        });
        log.info("send delay message orderId:{}",orderId);
    }
}

添加取消订单消息的接收者CancelOrderReceiver

package com.bdego.modules.shop.mq.component;

import com.bdego.modules.shop.service.OrderService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * 取消订单消息的处理者
 */
@Slf4j
@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "shop.order.cancel")
public class CancelOrderReceiver {

    @Autowired
    private OrderService orderService;

    @RabbitHandler
    public void handle(Long orderId){
        log.info("receive delay message orderId:{}",orderId);
        orderService.cancelOrder(orderId);
    }
}