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SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ实现延迟消息 整合RabbitMQ实现延迟消息的过程，以发送延迟消息取消超时订单为例。1.Docker下安装RabbitMQsudo docker pull rabbitmq:management docker run -dit --name rabbitmq -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=admin -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=admin -p 15672:15672 -p 5672:5672 rabbitmq:management docker update rabbitmq--restart=always2.RabbitMQ下增加用户及角色 3.rabbitmq的消息模型标志中文名英文名描述P生产者Producer消息的发送者，可以将消息发送到交换机C消费者Consumer消息的接收者，从队列中获取消息进行消费X交换机Exchange接收生产者发送的消息，并根据路由键发送给指定队列Q队列Queue存储从交换机发来的消息type交换机类型typedirect表示直接根据路由键（orange/black）发送消息4.SpringBoot项目集成RabbitMQ修改pom.xm文件<!--消息队列相关依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId> </dependency>修改application.ymlrabbitmq: port: 5672 host: 172.16.107.192 virtual-host: shop username: shop password: shop4.1具体业务代码添加消息队列的枚举配置类QueueEnumpackage com.bdego.modules.shop.enums; import lombok.Getter; /** * 商城订单模块消息队列枚举配置 */ @Getter public enum OrderQueueEnum { /** * 消息通知队列 */ QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL("shop.order.direct", "shop.order.cancel", "shop.order.cancel"), /** * 消息通知ttl队列 */ QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL("shop.order.direct.ttl", "shop.order.cancel.ttl", "shop.order.cancel.ttl"); /** * 交换机名称 */ private String exchange; /** * 队列名称 */ private String name; /** * 路由键 */ private String routeKey; OrderQueueEnum(String exchange, String name, String routeKey) { this.exchange = exchange; this.name = name; this.routeKey = routeKey; } }添加RabbitMQ的配置,用于配置交换机、队列及队列与交换机的绑定关系。package com.bdego.config; import com.bdego.modules.shop.enums.OrderQueueEnum; import org.springframework.amqp.core.*; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; /** * 消息队列配置 */ @Configuration public class RabbitMqConfig { /** * 订单消息实际消费队列所绑定的交换机 */ @Bean DirectExchange orderDirect() { return (DirectExchange) ExchangeBuilder .directExchange(OrderQueueEnum.QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL.getExchange()) .durable(true) .build(); } /** * 订单延迟队列所绑定的交换机 */ @Bean DirectExchange orderTtlDirect() { return (DirectExchange) ExchangeBuilder .directExchange(OrderQueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getExchange()) .durable(true) .build(); } /** * 订单实际消费队列 */ @Bean public Queue orderQueue() { return new Queue(OrderQueueEnum.QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL.getName()); } /** * 订单延迟队列（死信队列） */ @Bean public Queue orderTtlQueue() { return QueueBuilder .durable(OrderQueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getName()) .withArgument("x-dead-letter-exchange", OrderQueueEnum.QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL.getExchange())//到期后转发的交换机 .withArgument("x-dead-letter-routing-key", OrderQueueEnum.QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL.getRouteKey())//到期后转发的路由键 .build(); } /** * 将订单队列绑定到交换机 */ @Bean Binding orderBinding(DirectExchange orderDirect,Queue orderQueue){ return BindingBuilder .bind(orderQueue) .to(orderDirect) .with(OrderQueueEnum.QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL.getRouteKey()); } /** * 将订单延迟队列绑定到交换机 */ @Bean Binding orderTtlBinding(DirectExchange orderTtlDirect,Queue orderTtlQueue){ return BindingBuilder .bind(orderTtlQueue) .to(orderTtlDirect) .with(OrderQueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getRouteKey()); } }交换机及队列说明shop.order.direct（取消订单消息队列所绑定的交换机）:绑定的队列为shop.order.cancel，一旦有消息以shop.order.cancel为路由键发过来，会发送到此队列。shop.order.direct.ttl（订单延迟消息队列所绑定的交换机）:绑定的队列为shop.order.cancel.ttl，一旦有消息以shop.order.cancel.ttl为路由键发送过来，会转发到此队列，并在此队列保存一定时间，等到超时后会自动将消息发送到shop.order.cancel（取消订单消息消费队列）。添加延迟消息的发送者CancelOrderSenderpackage com.bdego.modules.shop.mq.component; import com.bdego.modules.shop.mq.enums.OrderQueueEnum; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.amqp.AmqpException; import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message; import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessagePostProcessor; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import javax.annotation.Resource; /** * 取消订单消息的发出者 */ @Slf4j @Component public class CancelOrderSender { @Resource private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate; public void sendMessage(Long orderId,final long delayTimes){ //给延迟队列发送消息 amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(OrderQueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getExchange(), OrderQueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getRouteKey(), orderId, new MessagePostProcessor() { @Override public Message postProcessMessage(Message message) throws AmqpException { //给消息设置延迟毫秒值 message.getMessageProperties().setExpiration(String.valueOf(delayTimes)); return message; } }); log.info("send delay message orderId:{}",orderId); } }添加取消订单消息的接收者CancelOrderReceiverpackage com.bdego.modules.shop.mq.component; import com.bdego.modules.shop.service.OrderService; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; /** * 取消订单消息的处理者 */ @Slf4j @Component @RabbitListener(queues = "shop.order.cancel") public class CancelOrderReceiver { @Autowired private OrderService orderService; @RabbitHandler public void handle(Long orderId){ log.info("receive delay message orderId:{}",orderId); orderService.cancelOrder(orderId); } }
