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SpringBoot集成Shiro实现权限管理极简教程(一) {card-describe title="前言"}Apache Shiro是一个功能强大且易于使用的Java安全框架，提供了认证，授权，加密，和会话管理。Shiro有三大核心组件：Subject ： 即当前用户，在权限管理的应用程序里往往需要知道谁能够操作什么，谁拥有操作该程序的权利，shiro中则需要通过Subject来提供基础的当前用户信息，Subject 不仅仅代表某个用户，与当前应用交互的任何东西都是Subject，如网络爬虫等。所有的Subject都要绑定到SecurityManager上，与Subject的交互实际上是被转换为与SecurityManager的交互。SecurityManager ： 即所有Subject的管理者，这是Shiro框架的核心组件，可以把他看做是一个Shiro框架的全局管理组件，用于调度各种Shiro框架的服务。作用类似于SpringMVC中的DispatcherServlet，用于拦截所有请求并进行处理。Realm ： Realm是用户的信息认证器和用户的权限认证器，我们需要自己来实现Realm来自定义的管理我们自己系统内部的权限规则。SecurityManager要验证用户，需要从Realm中获取用户。可以把Realm看做是数据源。通过两篇文章，我们想用最简单的教程给大家实现，SpringBoot + Shiro +JWT 实现用户权限认证控制的演示。 {/card-describe}{mtitle title="一、数据库设计"/}1.1 用户表-User SET NAMES utf8mb4; SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for user -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`; CREATE TABLE `user` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `password` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL, `username` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL, `account` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE ) ENGINE = MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT = 4 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of user -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (1, 'root', '超级用户', 'root'); INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (2, 'user', '普通用户', 'user'); INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (3, 'vip', 'VIP用户', 'vip'); SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;{dotted startColor="#ff6c6c" endColor="#1989fa"/}1.2 角色表-RoleSET NAMES utf8mb4; SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for role -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `role`; CREATE TABLE `role` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `role` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL, `desc` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE ) ENGINE = MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT = 4 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of role -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `role` VALUES (1, 'admin', '超级管理员'); INSERT INTO `role` VALUES (2, 'user', '普通用户'); INSERT INTO `role` VALUES (3, 'vip_user', 'VIP用户'); SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;{dotted startColor="#ff6c6c" endColor="#1989fa"/}1.3 权限表-PermissionSET NAMES utf8mb4; SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for permission -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `permission`; CREATE TABLE `permission` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `permission` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '权限名称', `desc` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '权限描述', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE ) ENGINE = MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT = 5 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of permission -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `permission` VALUES (1, 'add', '增加'); INSERT INTO `permission` VALUES (2, 'update', '更新'); INSERT INTO `permission` VALUES (3, 'select', '查看'); INSERT INTO `permission` VALUES (4, 'delete', '删除'); SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;{dotted startColor="#ff6c6c" endColor="#1989fa"/}1.4 用户角色表-User_RoleSET NAMES utf8mb4; SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for user_role -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_role`; CREATE TABLE `user_role` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `user_id` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL, `role_id` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE ) ENGINE = MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT = 4 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Fixed; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of user_role -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES (1, 1, 1); INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES (2, 2, 2); INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES (3, 3, 3); SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;{dotted startColor="#ff6c6c" endColor="#1989fa"/}1.5 角色权限表-Role_PermissionSET NAMES utf8mb4; SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for role_permission -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `role_permission`; CREATE TABLE `role_permission` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `role_id` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL, `permission_id` int(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE ) ENGINE = MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT = 9 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Fixed; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of role_permission -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (1, 1, 1); INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (2, 1, 2); INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (3, 1, 3); INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (4, 1, 4); INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (5, 2, 3); INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (6, 3, 3); INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (7, 3, 2); INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (8, 2, 1); SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;{dotted startColor="#ff6c6c" endColor="#1989fa"/}{mtitle title="二、项目准备"/}2.1 导入Pom<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.3.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId> <version>1.4.0</version> </dependency>{dotted startColor="#ff6c6c" endColor="#1989fa"/}2.2 application.ymlserver: port: 8903 spring: application: name: lab-user datasource: driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/laboratory?charset=utf8 username: root password: root mybatis: type-aliases-package: cn.ntshare.laboratory.entity mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml configuration: map-underscore-to-camel-case: true{dotted startColor="#ff6c6c" endColor="#1989fa"/}2.3 实体类2.3.1 User.java@Data @ToString public class User implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -6056125703075132981L; private Integer id; private String account; private String password; private String username; }2.3.2 Role.java@Data @ToString public class Role implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -1767327914553823741L; private Integer id; private String role; private String desc; }{dotted startColor="#ff6c6c" endColor="#1989fa"/}2.4 Dao层2.4.1 PermissionMapper.java@Mapper @Repository public interface PermissionMapper { List<String> findByRoleId(@Param("roleIds") List<Integer> roleIds); }2.4.2 PermissionMapper.xml<mapper namespace="cn.ntshare.laboratory.dao.PermissionMapper"> <sql id="base_column_list"> id, permission, desc </sql> <select id="findByRoleId" parameterType="List" resultType="String"> select permission from permission, role_permission rp where rp.permission_id = permission.id and rp.role_id in <foreach collection="roleIds" item="id" open="(" close=")" separator=","> #{id} </foreach> </select> </mapper>2.4.3 RoleMapper.java@Mapper @Repository public interface RoleMapper { List<Role> findRoleByUserId(@Param("userId") Integer userId); }2.4.4 RoleMapper.xml<mapper namespace="cn.ntshare.laboratory.dao.RoleMapper"> <sql id="base_column_list"> id, user_id, role_id </sql> <select id="findRoleByUserId" parameterType="Integer" resultType="Role"> select role.id, role from role, user, user_role ur where role.id = ur.role_id and ur.user_id = user.id and user.id = #{userId} </select> </mapper>2.4.5 UserMapper.java@Mapper @Repository public interface UserMapper { User findByAccount(@Param("account") String account); }2.4.6 UserMapper.xml<mapper namespace="cn.ntshare.laboratory.dao.UserMapper"> <sql id="base_column_list"> id, account, password, username </sql> <select id="findByAccount" parameterType="Map" resultType="User"> select <include refid="base_column_list"/> from user where account = #{account} </select> </mapper>{dotted startColor="#ff6c6c" endColor="#1989fa"/}2.5 Service层2.5.1 PermissionServiceImpl.java@Service public class PermissionServiceImpl implements PermissionService { @Autowired private PermissionMapper permissionMapper; @Override public List<String> findByRoleId(List<Integer> roleIds) { return permissionMapper.findByRoleId(roleIds); } }2.5.2 RoleServiceImpl.java@Service public class RoleServiceImpl implements RoleService { @Autowired private RoleMapper roleMapper; @Override public List<Role> findRoleByUserId(Integer id) { return roleMapper.findRoleByUserId(id); } }2.5.3 UserServiceImpl.java@Service public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService { @Autowired private UserMapper userMapper; @Override public User findByAccount(String account) { return userMapper.findByAccount(account); } }{dotted startColor="#ff6c6c" endColor="#1989fa"/}2.6 系统返回状态枚举与包装函数2.6.1 ServerResponseEnum.java@AllArgsConstructor @Getter public enum ServerResponseEnum { SUCCESS(0, "成功"), ERROR(10, "失败"), ACCOUNT_NOT_EXIST(11, "账号不存在"), DUPLICATE_ACCOUNT(12, "账号重复"), ACCOUNT_IS_DISABLED(13, "账号被禁用"), INCORRECT_CREDENTIALS(14, "账号或密码错误"), NOT_LOGIN_IN(15, "账号未登录"), UNAUTHORIZED(16, "没有权限") ; Integer code; String message; }2.6.2 ServerResponseVO.java@Getter @Setter @NoArgsConstructor public class ServerResponseVO<T> implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -1005863670741860901L; // 响应码 private Integer code; // 描述信息 private String message; // 响应内容 private T data; private ServerResponseVO(ServerResponseEnum responseCode) { this.code = responseCode.getCode(); this.message = responseCode.getMessage(); } private ServerResponseVO(ServerResponseEnum responseCode, T data) { this.code = responseCode.getCode(); this.message = responseCode.getMessage(); this.data = data; } private ServerResponseVO(Integer code, String message) { this.code = code; this.message = message; } /** * 返回成功信息 * @param data 信息内容 * @param <T> * @return */ public static<T> ServerResponseVO success(T data) { return new ServerResponseVO<>(ServerResponseEnum.SUCCESS, data); } /** * 返回成功信息 * @return */ public static ServerResponseVO success() { return new ServerResponseVO(ServerResponseEnum.SUCCESS); } /** * 返回错误信息 * @param responseCode 响应码 * @return */ public static ServerResponseVO error(ServerResponseEnum responseCode) { return new ServerResponseVO(responseCode); } }{dotted startColor="#ff6c6c" endColor="#1989fa"/}2.7 统一异常处理当用户身份认证失败时，会抛出UnauthorizedException，我们可以通过统一异常处理来处理该异常@RestControllerAdvice public class UserExceptionHandler { @ExceptionHandler(UnauthorizedException.class) @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED) public ServerResponseVO UnAuthorizedExceptionHandler(UnauthorizedException e) { return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.UNAUTHORIZED); } }{dotted startColor="#ff6c6c" endColor="#1989fa"/}{mtitle title="三、集成Shiro"/}3.1 UserRealm.java/** * 负责认证用户身份和对用户进行授权 */ public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm { @Autowired private UserService userService; @Autowired private RoleService roleService; @Autowired private PermissionService permissionService; // 用户授权 protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) { User user = (User) principalCollection.getPrimaryPrincipal(); SimpleAuthorizationInfo authorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo(); List<Role> roleList = roleService.findRoleByUserId(user.getId()); Set<String> roleSet = new HashSet<>(); List<Integer> roleIds = new ArrayList<>(); for (Role role : roleList) { roleSet.add(role.getRole()); roleIds.add(role.getId()); } // 放入角色信息 authorizationInfo.setRoles(roleSet); // 放入权限信息 List<String> permissionList = permissionService.findByRoleId(roleIds); authorizationInfo.setStringPermissions(new HashSet<>(permissionList)); return authorizationInfo; } // 用户认证 protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authToken) throws AuthenticationException { UsernamePasswordToken token = (UsernamePasswordToken) authToken; User user = userService.findByAccount(token.getUsername()); if (user == null) { return null; } return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user, user.getPassword(), getName()); } }3.2 ShiroConfig.java@Configuration public class ShiroConfig { @Bean public UserRealm userRealm() { return new UserRealm(); } @Bean public DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager() { DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager(); securityManager.setRealm(userRealm()); return securityManager; } /** * 路径过滤规则 * @return */ @Bean public ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilter(DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager) { ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean(); shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager); shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl("/login"); shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSuccessUrl("/"); Map<String, String> map = new LinkedHashMap<>(); // 有先后顺序 map.put("/login", "anon"); // 允许匿名访问 map.put("/**", "authc"); // 进行身份认证后才能访问 shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(map); return shiroFilterFactoryBean; } /** * 开启Shiro注解模式，可以在Controller中的方法上添加注解 * @param securityManager * @return */ @Bean public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(@Qualifier("securityManager") DefaultSecurityManager securityManager) { AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(); authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager); return authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor; }3.3 LoginController.java@RestController @RequestMapping("") public class LoginController { @PostMapping("/login") public ServerResponseVO login(@RequestParam(value = "account") String account, @RequestParam(value = "password") String password) { Subject userSubject = SecurityUtils.getSubject(); UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(account, password); try { // 登录验证 userSubject.login(token); return ServerResponseVO.success(); } catch (UnknownAccountException e) { return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.ACCOUNT_NOT_EXIST); } catch (DisabledAccountException e) { return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.ACCOUNT_IS_DISABLED); } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e) { return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.INCORRECT_CREDENTIALS); } catch (Throwable e) { e.printStackTrace(); return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.ERROR); } } @GetMapping("/login") public ServerResponseVO login() { return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.NOT_LOGIN_IN); } @GetMapping("/auth") public String auth() { return "已成功登录"; } @GetMapping("/role") @RequiresRoles("vip") public String role() { return "测试Vip角色"; } @GetMapping("/permission") @RequiresPermissions(value = {"add", "update"}, logical = Logical.AND) public String permission() { return "测试Add和Update权限"; } } {dotted startColor="#ff6c6c" endColor="#1989fa"/}{mtitle title="四、测试效果"/}4.1 用root用户登录4.1.1 登录4.1.2 验证是否登录4.1.3 测试角色权限4.1.4 测试用户操作权限{dotted startColor="#ff6c6c" endColor="#1989fa"/}4.2 user用户和vip用户测试略
